Which of the following are typical products of volcanic eruptions?

• A. Gas, lava, and tephra
• B. Ice, water, and salt
• C. Metal ore and diamonds
• D. Sand, wind, and dust

Answer: (A)

Volcanic eruptions release three main kinds of material: volcanic gases, molten rock called lava, and solid fragments known as tephra (ash, pumice, bombs, and other erupted rocks). This combination—gas, lava, and tephra—is what you typically observe during an eruption, so it best represents the actual products of volcanic activity. Ice, water, and salt aren’t the standard direct ejecta of eruptions, even though water vapor can be released; diamonds and metal ore aren’t normally erupted as a typical product, and sand, wind, and dust describe weathering, transport, or environmental conditions rather than the immediate volcanic ejecta.